地震作用下楼梯破坏机制研究

根据汶川地震和玉树地震中楼梯的破坏情况,系统分析了现存建筑物结构中楼梯在地震作用下的破坏形态及破坏原因,并提出了相应的设计建议,对今后的楼梯抗震设计具有一定参考价值。     

Effects of H2/O2 and H2/O3 gases on PtMo/C cathode PEMFCs performance operating at different temperatures

This study reported the activity of catalysts synthesized from platinum and molybdenum alloys in different atomic ratios and used as cathode electrocatalysts in the PEMFC. The structural properties of PtMo/C and Pt/C catalysts were analyzed by XRD analysis. The composition and distribution of these alloys in Vulcan XC-72R Carbon were determined by SEM and EDX techniques. CV studies assessed electrochemical properties such as ORR and ECSA activity. The performance of PEMFC cathodes that supplied pure hydrogen and oxygen was examined using polarization curves at different temperatures. Another way to improve the cathodic reaction is to use ozone as a potent oxidizing agent. It was measured that the OCV of the H₂/O₃ PEM fuel cell was 1.60 V, much greater than the open circuit voltage of the traditional H₂/O₂ PEM fuel cell. The PtMo/C catalyst achieved its highest power density of 137 mWcm⁻² at 70 °C, 128 mWcm⁻² at 60 °C, 101 mWcm⁻² at 50 °C, and 85 mWcm⁻² at 40 °C when exposed to H₂/O₂. As the temperature of the cell was raised, it was seen that the catalyst's catalytic activity increased.The maximum power density was detected to be inversely related to the rise in temperature when ozone was used. At low current densities, however, ozone was observed to greatly boost activation polarization.     

A canonical form-based approach to affine registration of DTI

Due to the orientation feature of diffusion tensor images (DTI), tensors need to be reoriented during an affine registration. There exists two active reorientation schemes: finite strain (FS) and preserving principal direction (PPD). However, FS scheme limits its application on rigid deformation and PPD scheme suffers from computation load caused by the iteration. In order to overcome these shortcomings, we propose a canonical form-based affine registration of DTI, named as CFARD. We transform voxel sets into canonical forms where an affine registration is simplified as a rigid registration, while still preserves the effects of non-rigid components. This transforming thus extends the application of FS scheme to affine deformation. Furthermore, to reduce computation load, the quaternion technique is skillfully employed to seek a closed-form solution of the optimal rotation where no iteration is required. Extensive experiments are conducted on synthetic and real DTI data from the human brain. In contrast to four existing algorithms, the proposed CFARD improves the consistency between tensor orientation and the anatomical structures after deformation, and performs a better balance between accuracy and computational complexity.

     

浓香型大曲白酒窖泥微生物研究进展

基于传统微生物技术和现代生物学技术对白酒窖泥微生物的研究,阐述了研究白酒酿造微生物所运用生物学技术的各种方法、原理及对窖泥微生物的研究现状。主要对宏基因组、聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）技术、高通量测序技术等现代分子生物技术在窖泥微生物代谢活动和群落代谢机制研究中的应用进行了综述,为解决白酒生产中遇到的实际问题提供了理论指导。     

基于自适应切空间的MRI图像配准

微分同胚是一种光滑可逆的变换,在MRI图像配准中可以保证图像形变后的拓扑结构保持不变,同时避免出现不合理的物理现象。为了在空间变换中获得更合理的同胚映射,高维空间中数据的非线性结构被考虑,基于流形学习方法提出一种自适应切空间的MRI图像配准算法。首先,把MRI数据构造成对称正定（SPD）的协方差矩阵,然后形成李群;接着,利用样本点邻域的局部切空间来表示李群的几何结构的非线性;接下来,在流形上用自适应邻域选择的方法形成的线性子空间去逼近局部切空间,提高切空间的局部线性化程度,从而最大限度地保留流形的局部非线性结构,得到最优的同胚映射。仿真数据和临床数据的实验结果显示,与传统的非参数微分同胚配准算法相比,该算法在高维稠密形变场上获得更高的拓扑保持度,最终提高图像配准精度。     

响应面法优化大孔树脂纯化黄芪毛蕊异黄酮工艺

为优化大孔树脂纯化黄芪毛蕊异黄酮提取物的最佳工艺条件,比较七种不同类型大孔树脂（H103、D101、AB-8、DM130、HPD-400、DM301、HPD-600）的静态吸附-洗脱性能,筛选合适树脂型号后,采用单因素与响应面试验确定最佳纯化工艺条件。结果表明,HPD-400树脂对毛蕊异黄酮的吸附纯化效果最佳。随着温度的升高,树脂吸附量下降,吸附过程符合二级动力学模型特征。大孔树脂纯化黄芪毛蕊异黄酮的最佳工艺为:质量浓度为2.97 mg/mL,pH4.9的毛蕊异黄酮提取液60 mL以1 mL/min流速上样至HPD-400树脂后,经140 mL体积分数为79.8%乙醇溶液,以1 mL/min流速洗脱,产物中毛蕊异黄酮含量由2.17%提高至10.36%,约为纯化前4.8倍。因此,该工艺条件适于黄芪毛蕊异黄酮纯化。     

U71Mn钢轨铣削用PVD-TiAlN涂层刀片失效分析

目的分析研究PVD-TiAlN涂层刀片铣削钢轨(U71Mn)后的失效行为,确定涂层刀片铣削U71Mn的磨损机制及失效机理,为进一步改进铣削U71Mn用涂层刀片的使用性能提供指导。方法采用多弧离子镀技术在硬质合金基体刀片上制备了厚度约2.13μm的TiAlN涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、金相检测仪等仪器,检测了刀片基体和涂层的显微组织和金相结构。采用立式铣床对U71Mn进行铣削,通过扫描电子显微镜观察失效刀片前刀面、刃口和后刀面的微观形貌,结合能谱仪微区成分分析,确定涂层刀片的磨损机制和失效机理。结果通过金相检测仪和扫描电子显微镜检测,YG10细晶粒硬质合金基体无明显组织缺陷。采用多弧离子镀制备的涂层膜基结合力等级为HF1,具有较好的膜基结合强度。失效刀片的刃口处存在贯穿前刀面、刃口和后刀面的裂纹,并且刃口区域的裂纹内部有被加工材料的填充物。后刀面裂纹尖端有涂层的微崩裂,前刀面的磨损带边界较后刀面磨损带边界平齐。刃口附近的涂层表面上出现了相互交联的裂纹。失效刃口多出现锯齿形缺口,缺口内部有大量的碎屑填充物,缺口对应的后刀面处分布着深浅不同的沟槽。磨损的刃口上粘接有大量的被加工材料。结论刀片的磨损机制有磨粒磨损、粘接磨损和氧化磨损。另外,刃口的崩裂在刀片失效过程中也扮演着重要角色,崩裂的缺口会为硬质颗粒提供存储空间,从而加剧磨料磨损,在多种磨损机制共同作用下,刀片刃口最终被磨耗而失效。可通过提高基体的强韧性、合理的刃口设计、改善涂层的韧性和结合力、提高涂层的抗氧化性等方面,提高涂层刀片铣削U71Mn的性能。     

基于改进鲸鱼算法和神经网络的食品机器人能耗轨迹规划

目的:针对食品工业机器人动力学参数未知的节能轨迹规划问题,提出一种基于鲸鱼算法和神经网络的点到点机器人关节能耗轨迹规划方案。方法:构建食品机器人移动机械臂点到点关节能耗模型,设计基于神经网络的相似动力学辨识,用改进的鲸鱼算法对权重和偏置参数进行离线优化;采用四次多项式插值法规划关节移动轨迹,将轨迹参数等效为鲸鱼编码,通过求解关节能耗目标优化函数,最终得到能耗最优的关节运动规划轨迹。结果:该方案适用于机器人动力学参数未知下的轨迹规划场景,得到的轨迹能耗比同类降低约9.01%。结论:基于鲸鱼算法和神经网络的轨迹规划能实现食品机器人能耗优化目标。     

科远NT6000分布式控制系统（DCS）在电厂烟气脱硫自动化工程中的应用

本文介绍南京科远NT6000 DCS系统在电厂烟气脱硫自动化工程中的应用。作者介绍了脱硫工艺方案的选择,重点介绍了达拉特电厂1-2#机组烟气脱硫工艺原理及NT6000 DCS系统在脱硫综合自动化系统中的应用。该系统从投放至今运行稳定。不但创造了巨大的经济效益,而且保护了环境,有利于持续发展。     

Enhanced hydrogen production via staged catalytic gasification of rice husk using Ca(OH)2 adsorbent and Ce–Ni/γAl2O3 catalyst in a fluidized bed

Hydrogen production from rice husk was carried out via a two-stage system combining CLG (calcium looping gasification) using Ca(OH)₂ adsorbent in a bubbling fluidized bed and catalytic reforming with Ce–Ni/γAl₂O₃ catalyst in a connected fixed bed. The results show that the maximum H₂ concentration (69.16 vol%) and H₂ yield (11.86 mmol g⁻¹rice husk) are achieved at Ca/C (Ca(OH)₂ to carbon molar ratio) = 1.5, H₂O/C (H₂O to carbon molar ratio) = 1.5, T_g (gasification temperature) = 500 °C, T_c (catalytic temperature) = 800 °C. The supplementation of fresh Ca(OH)₂ at Ca/C of 0.5 during calcination helps to activate the regenerated CaO by hydration, maintaining its carbonation activity and CO₂ adsorption. Ce–Ni/γAl₂O₃ catalyst promotes water gas shift (WGS), steam methane reforming (SMR), and C₂–C₃ hydrocarbons reforming, also exhibits excellent activity stability to maintain H₂ concentration and H₂ yield above 67.21 vol% and 11.67 mmol g⁻¹_{rice husk}, respectively, during 5 lifetime tests.